Pasi ranhasi, kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kwave kuchiwedzera kuipa. Kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki kwaonekwa pamusoro peGomo reEverest, pazasi peSouth China Sea kwakadzika kupfuura 3,900 metres, muArctic ice sheet, uye kunyangwe muMariana Trench…
Munguva yezvinhu zvinomhanya-mhanya, tinodya mamwe maturu epurasitiki mazuva ese, kana kugamuchira akati wandei kutumirwa, kana kudya zvinotorwa mumabhokisi ezvekudya zvepurasitiki. Chinhu chinotyisa ndechekuti: zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvakaoma kudzikisira, uye zvinotora mazana emakore kuti zviparare zvachose uye zvinyangarika. .
Chinhu chinonyanya kutyisa ndechekuti masayendisiti akaona akawanda se9 mhando dze microplastics mumuviri wemunhu. Maererano neGlowbal News, maererano nekutsvagurudza kwazvino kwakaitwa neYunivhesiti yeVictoria, vanhu vakuru vekuAmerica vanodya 126 kusvika 142 microplastic particles zuva rega rega uye vanofema ivo zuva rega rega. 132-170 mapurasitiki zvidimbu.
Chii chinonzi microplastic?
Zvinoenderana netsanangudzo yenyanzvi yeBritish Thompson, microplastics inoreva zvimedu zvepurasitiki uye zvimedu zvine dhayamita isingasviki 5 microns. Ndeipi pfungwa yeasingasviki 5 microns? Kakawanda kashoma pane chidimbu chebvudzi, uye hazvigoneke kuona neziso rakashama.
Saka ma microplastic aya akapinda mumuviri wemunhu akabva kupi?
Kune akawanda manyuko:
① Zvigadzirwa zvemumvura
Izvi zviri nyore kunzwisisa. Kana vanhu vachikanda marara munzizi, nyanza nemumadziva pamadiro, marara epurasitiki anoora kuita tunhu tudikidiki opinda mumuviri wezvipenyu zvemumvura. Mugungwa, zvipenyu zvinosvika 114 zvemumvura zvakawana microplastics mumiviri yavo. Mushure mekunge vanhu vagadzira mapurasitiki muzana ramakore rechi 19, matani mabhiriyoni 8,3 emapurasitiki akagadzirwa kusvika pari zvino, uye matani anopfuura mamirioni maviri emapurasitiki anoraswa pasina kurapwa uye anozopedzisira apinda munyanza.
② Shandisa mapurasitiki mukugadzira chikafu
Masayendisiti nguva pfupi yadarika akaita bvunzo dzakakura pamhando dzinopfuura mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emvura yemubhodhoro munyika dze9 pasirese uye akawana kuti mvura zhinji yemubhodhoro yaive nemicroplastics. Kunyange mvura yemupombi haidzivisiki. Sangano rekuongorora muUnited States rakaongorora mvura yemupombi munyika gumi neina pasirese, uye mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti 83% yemasampuli emvura yemupombi yaive nemicroplastics. Zvakaoma kudzivirira microplastics kunyangwe mumvura yepombi, rega mabhokisi ekutora uye mukaka tii makapu aunowanzosangana nawo. Pamusoro pemidziyo iyi inowanzoputirwa nehupamhi hwe polyethylene. Polyethylene ichatsemuka kuita zvidimbu zvidiki.
③ Kwaunobva iwe hauna kumbofunga nezve-munyu
Hongu, munyu waunodya zuva rega rega unogona kunge uine microplastics. Nekuti munyu watinodya unotorwa munzizi, nyanza nemumadziva. Kusvibiswa kwemvura kuchakuvadza hove dzemudhamu nenzira isingadzivisiki. Iyi "hove yepa pond" munyu.
"Scientific American" yakashuma ongororo yakaitwa neShanghai East China Normal University:
Microplastics, yakadai se polyethylene uye cellophane, yakawanikwa mumhando ye15 yemasampuli emunyu akaunganidzwa nevatsvakurudzi. Kunyanya kumunyu wegungwa, unopfuura 550 yuan pakirogiramu, vakaverenga: Maererano nehuwandu hwemunyu watinodya pazuva, huwandu hwemicroplastics hunodyiwa nemunhu kuburikidza nemunyu mugore hunogona kudarika 1,000 yuan!
④ Zvinodikanwa zvepamba zuva nezuva
Iwe unogona kunge usingazive kuti kunyangwe ukasarasa marara, zvinhu zvauchiri kushandisa zvinoburitsa microplastics maminetsi ese. Semuenzaniso, zvipfeko zvakawanda zvino zvine makemikari fiber. Paunokanda hembe dzako mumushini wekuwachisa wekuwacha, zvipfeko zvinorasa kunze mafiber akanyanya. Mafiibha aya anoraswa nemvura ine tsvina, inova plastiki. Usatarise huwandu hwe microfibers. Vatsvakurudzi vanofungidzira kuti muguta rine vanhu vane mamiriyoni e1, 1 toni ye microfiber inobudiswa zuva rega rega, iyo yakaenzana ne150,000 mabhegi epurasitiki asina kuparara. Uyezve, zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvekuchenesa, zvakadai sekuveura cream, mazino, sunscreen, makeup remover, face cleanser, nezvimwewo, zvine chinhu chinonzi "soft beads" chekuchenesa zvakadzika, izvo chaizvoizvo microplastic.
Kukuvadza kwe microplastics kuvanhu
Iyo microplastics inoyangarara munyanza haingogone kupa nzvimbo yekupona uye kuberekana kweakasiyana siyana tupukanana, asi zvakare inotora simbi inorema uye inoramba ichisvibisa organic mugungwa. Zvakadai semishonga yezvipembenene, zvinodzosa moto, mapolychlorinated biphenyls, zvichingodaro, kufamba pamwe chete nemafungu emugungwa kukonzeresa kukuvadza kwemakemikari kune nharaunda. Zvimedu zvepurasitiki zvidiki muhupamhi uye zvinogona kupinda mumasero ematishu uye kuungana muchiropa, zvichikonzera kuzvimba uye kusingaperi depositional poisoning. Inogonawo kuparadza intestinal kushivirira uye mhinduro yekudzivirira muviri. Iyo diki microplastics inogona kupinda mumudziyo weropa uye lymphatic system. Kana imwe pfungwa yasvika, inozokanganisa zvakanyanya endocrine system yedu. Pakupedzisira, ingori nyaya yenguva kuti muviri wemunhu umedzwe nepurasitiki.
Kutarisana neubiquitous microplastics, vanhu vanogona sei kuzviponesa?
Pamusoro pekudaidzira kuderedzwa kwekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvinoraswa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kuti tideredze uye nekupedzisira tibvise kuraswa epurasitiki kurongedza uye zvinyorwa, isu tinofanirwa kushingairira kusimudzira nekusimudzira kumwe kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvitsva. Shanghai Hui Ang Industrial Co., Ltd. inotarisa pakusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwePLA biodegradable zvinhu. PLA inotorwa kubva kune zvinogadzirwazve zviwanikwa zvezvirimwa (seChibage, mufarinya, nezvimwewo). Starch mbishi zvinhu zvinopiswa kuti zviwane shuga, iyo inozoviriswa neglucose uye mamwe madhiri kuti ibudise yakakwira-kuchena lactic acid, uyezve imwe molecular uremu polylactic acid inogadzirwa nemakemikari synthesis. Iine biodegradability yakanaka. Mushure mekushandiswa, inogona kuderedzwa zvachose nehutachiona muzvisikwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, uye pakupedzisira inobudisa carbon dioxide nemvura. Inozivikanwa sechinhu chinochengetedza zvakatipoteredza. Shanghai Hui Ang Indasitiri inoomerera kupfungwa yekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza ye "kubva kune zvakasikwa uye kudzokera kune zvakasikwa", uye yakazvipira kuregedza zvigadzirwa zvakaora zvizere kupinda mhuri yega yega. Yakagadzira mhando yemusika wemhizha. Zvigadzirwa zvacho zvinosanganisira mashanga, mabhegi ekutengesera, masaga emarara, mabhegi ezvipfuyo, nemabhegi ekuchengeta matsva. , Cling firimu uye nhevedzano yezvinhu zvinoraswa zvinoraswa zvakatipoteredza, ndapota tsvagai musika wemhizha wezvizere biodegradable brands.
Nguva yekutumira: May-18-2021